Course Description and Goals
Full course for one semester. This course examines contemporary international environmental problems from theoretical and policy
perspectives. What are the causes of environmental problems? What strategies do international actors use to attempt to address these
problems, and which are most successful? What are the most pressing problems facing policymakers today? How do environmental
issues create other problems in areas such as security and economics? In an attempt to shed light on these questions, this course
analyzes structures, agents, and processes affecting international environmental politics in the first part. The second part focuses on
examining contemporary issue areas including the use of natural resources, overpopulation, pollution, energy use,
global climate change, environmental security, and potential future problems. Prerequisite: Political Science 240.
Conference.
Requirements
Class Participation
Students are required to actively participate in the class; they will have the opportunity to do so both during and outside of classroom
hours. Beginning the third week of class, each student will be assigned to three days during the semester in which they will do two
things. One student will post a short newspaper article on a current or historical international event that they feel is relevant to the
day’s readings. The other student(s) will author a short reaction memo (300-400 words) expressing an opinion about
that day’s readings. These are NOT summaries; rather, they should attempt to agree or disagree with or compare and
contrast the readings. Both should be posted in the forums on the course website by 8 PM the day before the readings
are to be discussed. Students are required to read the memos and the newspaper articles sections and be prepared
to respond to them the next day in class. Students are encouraged to respond to the postings online as part of their
participation.
Readings
Readings for the course are drawn from books available at the bookstore as well as E-Readings, which can be downloaded off
the course website. Readings marked “Cases” are required, but should be read after any more theoretical articles.
Readings marked “Further” are other relevant articles; they are not required for class. Students who have a particular
interest in the topics in question are encouraged to read these articles and to incorporate them into their assignments. I
encourage all students to use EndNote to download the class readings, take notes, and use for citing works in their
papers. CUS has a page on Installing EndNote at Reed as well as a Basic Usage Guide online. However, laptops are not
permitted in class unless you are taking notes and are willing to post those notes at the end of each class to the Moodle
site.
Two books are for sale at the bookstore and are also on reserve at the library.
Required Books
- Kate O’Neill (2009) The Environment and International Relations. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge
University Press <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/237884517>, ISBN 9780521603126
- Bjørn Lomborg (2001) The Skeptical Environmentalist: Measuring the Real State of the World. Cambridge, UK:
Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521010683
|
While this is not a course on current topics in international environmental politics (any one of which could provide material for an
entire course), students are also expected to keep up with world events through daily reading of international news. Recommended
news sites will be posted on the course web site.
Course Website
Frequent reading of the course website will be helpful for success in the class. Discussion and collaboration with your peers is
available to you through the website as well as in class; supplemental and core readings will be made available there; and assignments
will be turned in electronically using the site.
Assignments and Quals
There are two formal assignments for this course. More details regarding the assignments will be available later. If you intend to qual
in this course, you must let me know the first day. In general, I look for four things in an essay: A clear argument in the
introductory paragraph, an explanation of the theories that you will be using, an illustration of your argument with
direct examples, and a conclusion that discusses the implications of your findings. Note that word counts include your
bibliography.
Citation and Plagiarism
A major goal of this course is to encourage good reading, research, and citation habits. Good research requires good documentation of
sources and the ability to put one’s own analysis and thoughts into a paper rather than relying on others. When in doubt as to whether
you should cite something, always do it. Citations are required for ideas as well as facts, and are imperative even if you are not directly
quoting authors. Make sure that you provide as specific a citation as possible; if an author discusses an idea in one
section or one page, cite the specific section or page instead of the full article or book. I usually recommend that
students use in-text author-date citation with full Chicago Manual of Style citations; see their Citation Quick Guide: <http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools˙citationguide.html>.
However, style is less important than the cites being present. If you use an idea or a fact without attribution, you are plagiarizing
someone else’s work. Plagiarism and cheating are violations of academic integrity and thus violations of Reed’s Honor Principle. As
specified by Reed’s academic conduct policy, such violations will result in disciplinary actions, including suspension or permanent
dismissal from the College. Plagiarism is submitting a piece of work which in part or in whole is not entirely the student’s
own work without attributing those same portions to their correct source. For examples of plagiarism and how to
avoid it, see <http://www.csub.edu/ssric-trd/howto/plagiarism.htm> For more information on Reed’s policies see: <http://www.reed.edu/academic/gbook/comm˙pol/acad˙conduct.html>.
Plagiarism often comes as the result of a student being up against a deadline without being able to meet it. If you are having
trouble meeting a deadline for whatever reason, please contact me. Because every assignment is a paper that will be
handed out well in advance, I have no problem giving extensions. It is always better to ask for more time than to
plagiarize.
Accommodations
If you’d like to request academic accommodations due to a disability, please contact Learning Resources Director Heather Stout,
Dorothy Johansen House, 503-517-7921, stouth@reed.edu. If you have a letter from Student Services, please let me know so we can
discuss those accommodations.
1-Feb: 01.1. Introduction (26 Pages)
-
J. David
Singer (1960)
International
Conflict:
Three
Levels
of
Analysis. World
Politics. 12(3)April,
453–461
<http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2009401>,
ISSN
00438871
-
Kenneth N.
Waltz (1979)
Chap. 1
in
Theory
of
International
Politics.
1st edition.
New
York,
NY:
McGraw-Hill,
1–17,
ISBN
0201083493
3-Feb: 01.2. International Politics (110 Pages)
-
Robert
Gilpin (1975)
The
Nature
of
Political
Economy. In
Art
and
Jervis
International
Politics,
281–297
-
Kenneth N.
Waltz (1979)
The
Anarchic
Structure
of
World
Politics. In
Art
and
Jervis
International
Politics,
29–49
-
Alexander
Wendt (1992)
Anarchy
Is
What
States
Make
of
It. In
Art
and
Jervis
International
Politics,
61–68
-
Margaret E.
Keck
and
Kathryn
Sikkink (1998)
Transnational
Activist
Networks. In
Art
and
Jervis
International
Politics,
551–557
-
Jeffrey
Frankel (2000)
The
Globalization
of
the
International
Economy. In
Art
and
Jervis
International
Politics,
325–340
-
Kate
O’Neill,
Jorg
Balsiger,
and
Stacy D.
VanDeveer (2004)
Actors,
Norms,
and
Impact:
Recent
International
Cooperation
Theory
and
the
Influence
of
the
Agent-Structure
Debate. Annual
Review
of
Political
Science. 07(1),
149–175
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.7.090803.161821>,
ISSN
1094–2939
-
Kenneth A.
Oye (2005)
The
Conditions
for
Cooperation
in
World
Politics. In
Art
and
Jervis
International
Politics,
69–82
8-Feb: 02.1. Environmental Politics (135 Pages)
-
Kate
O’Neill (2009)
Introduction:
The
Environment
and
International
Relations. In
O’Neill
The
Environment
and
International
Relations. chapter 1,
1–23
-
Detlef
Sprinz
and
Tapani
Vaahtoranta (1994)
The
Interest-Based
Explanation
of
International
Environmental
Policy. International
Organization. 48(1),
77–105
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300000825>
-
Karen T.
Litfin (1997)
Sovereignty
in
World
Ecopolitics. Mershon
International
Studies
Review. 41(2)November,
167–204
<http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/222667>
-
Lucy H.
Ford (2003)
Challenging
Global
Environmental
Governance:
Social
Movement
Agency
and
Global
Civil
Society. Global
Environmental
Politics. 3(2),
120–134
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638003322068254>,
ISSN
1526–3800
-
James Gustave
Speth
and
Peter M
Haas (2006)
From
Stockholm
to
Johannesburg:
First
Attempt
at
Global
Environmental
Governance. In
Global
Environmental
Governance.
Washington:
Island
Press,
ISBN
1597260819. chapter 3,
52–81
-
Pamela S.
Chasek,
David Leonard
Downie,
and
Janet Welsh
Brown (2010)
Chronology. In
Chasek,
Downie
and
Brown
Global
Environmental
Politics,
xxiii–xxx
Further
-
Ken
Conca (1994)
Rethinking
the
Ecology-Sovereignty
Debate. Millennium
-
Journal
of
International
Studies. 23(3),
701–711
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298940230030201>
-
Ronald B.
Mitchell (2010)
Explaining
International
Environmental
Politics. In
Mitchell
International
Politics
and
the
Environment. chapter 1,
1–19
-
Paul
Wapner (1997)
Environmental
Ethics
and
Global
Governance:
Engaging
the
International
Liberal
Tradition. Global
Governance. 3(2),
213–231,
ISSN
1075–2846
-
Paul
Wapner (2008)
The
Importance
of
Critical
Environmental
Studies
in
the
New
Environmentalism. Global
Environmental
Politics. 8(1),
6–13,
ISSN
1526–3800
10-Feb: 02.2. Environmental Problems (106 Pages)
-
Kate
O’Neill (2009)
International
Environmental
Problems. In
O’Neill
The
Environment
and
International
Relations. chapter 2,
24–47
-
Garrett
Hardin (1968)
The
Tragedy
of
the
Commons. Science. 162(3859),
1243–1248
<http://www.jstor.org/stable/1724745>,
ISSN
00368075
-
Julian L.
Simon (1981)
The
Infinite
Supply
of
Natural
Resources. In
Art
and
Jervis
International
Politics,
531–538
-
Thomas
Homer-Dixon (1991)
Cornucopians
and
Neo-Malthusians. In
Art
and
Jervis
International
Politics,
539–541
-
Elinor
Ostrom et al. (1999)
Revisiting
the
Commons:
Local
Lessons,
Global
Challenges. Science. 284(5412),
278–282
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.284.5412.278>
-
Ronald B.
Mitchell (2010)
Sources
of
International
Environmental
Problems. In
Mitchell
International
Politics
and
the
Environment. chapter 3,
48–79
-
Ronald B.
Mitchell (2010)
Defining
and
Distinguishing
International
Environmental
Problems. In
Mitchell
International
Politics
and
the
Environment. chapter 2,
20–47
15-Feb: 03.1. Actors: IGOs (97 Pages)
-
Kate
O’Neill (2009)
Actors
in
International
Environmental
Politics. In
O’Neill
The
Environment
and
International
Relations. chapter 3,
48–70
-
Frank
Biermann (2001)
The
Emerging
Debate
on
the
Need
for
a
World
Environment
Organization:
A
Commentary. Global
Environmental
Politics. 1(1),
45–55
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638001570624>
-
Peter M.
Haas (2004)
Addressing
the
Global
Governance
Deficit. Global
Environmental
Politics. 4(4),
1–15
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep.2004.4.4.1>
-
Simon
Lightfoot
and
Jon
Burchell (2005)
The
European
Union
and
the
World
Summit
on
Sustainable
Development:
Normative
Power
Europe
in
Action?
Journal
of
Common
Market
Studies. 43(1),
75–95
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-9886.2005.00547.x>,
ISSN
00219886
-
Steffen
Bauer (2006)
Does
Bureaucracy
Really
Matter?
The
Authority
of
Intergovernmental
Treaty
Secretariats
in
Global
Environmental
Politics. Global
Environmental
Politics. 6(1),
23–49,
ISSN
1526–3800
Further
-
Steven
Bernstein (2002)
Liberal
Environmentalism
and
Global
Environmental
Governance. Global
Environmental
Politics. 2(3),
1–16
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638002320310509>
-
Pamela S.
Chasek,
David Leonard
Downie,
and
Janet Welsh
Brown (2010)
Actors
in
the
Environmental
Arena. In
Chasek,
Downie
and
Brown
Global
Environmental
Politics. chapter 2,
53–115
-
Ronald B.
Mitchell (2003)
International
Environmental
Agreements:
A
Survey
of
Their
Features,
Formation,
and
Effects. Annual
Review
of
Environment
and
Resources. 28(1)November,
429–461
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105603>
-
Charlotte
Streck (2001)
The
Global
Environment
Facility—a
Role
Model
for
International
Governance?
Global
Environmental
Politics. 1(2),
71–94
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638001750336604>,
ISSN
1526–3800
17-Feb: 03.2. Actors: NGOs (113 Pages)
-
Kate
O’Neill (2009)
Non-State
Global
Environmental
Governance. In
O’Neill
The
Environment
and
International
Relations. chapter 7,
167–196
-
Paul
Wapner (1995)
Politics
beyond
the
State:
Environmental
Activism
and
World
Civic
Politics. World
Politics. 47(3),
311–340
<http://www.jstor.org/stable/2950691>,
ISSN
00438871
-
Sheila S.
Jasanoff (1997)
NGOs
and
the
Environment:
From
Knowledge
to
Action. Third
World
Quarterly. 18(3),
579–594
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436599714885>
-
Michele M.
Betsill
and
Elisabeth
Corell (2001)
NGO
Influence
in
International
Environmental
Negotiations:
A
Framework
for
Analysis.
Global
Environmental
Politics. 1(4),
65–85
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638001317146372>,
ISSN
15263800
-
Robert
Falkner (2003)
Private
Environmental
Governance
and
International
Relations:
Exploring
the
Links. Global
Environmental
Politics. 3(2),
72–87
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638003322068227>
22-Feb: 04.1. Regimes: Formation (94 Pages)
-
Kate
O’Neill (2009)
State-Led
Global
Environmental
Governance:
International
Cooperation
and
Regime
Formation. In
O’Neill
The
Environment
and
International
Relations. chapter 4,
71–103
-
David John
Frank,
Ann
Hironaka,
and
Evan
Schofer (2000)
Environmentalism
as
a
Global
Institution:
Reply
to
Buttel. American
Sociological
Review. 65(1)February,
122–127
<http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2657293>,
ISSN
00031224
-
Frederick H.
Buttel (2000)
World
Society,
the
Nation-State,
and
Environmental
Protection:
Comment
on
Frank,
Hironaka,
and
Schofer. American
Sociological
Review. 65(1)February,
117–121
<http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2657292>,
ISSN
00031224
-
David John
Frank,
Ann
Hironaka,
and
Evan
Schofer (2000)
The
Nation-State
and
the
Natural
Environment
over
the
Twentieth
Century. American
Sociological
Review. 65(1)February,
96–116
<http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2657291>
-
Radoslav S
Dimitrov et al. (2007)
International
Nonregimes:
A
Research
Agenda. International
Studies
Review. 9(2),
230–258,
ISSN
1521–9488
24-Feb: 04.2. Regimes: Effectiveness (87 Pages)
-
Kate
O’Neill (2009)
The
Impacts
and
Effectiveness
of
Environmental
Treaty
Regimes. In
O’Neill
The
Environment
and
International
Relations. chapter 5,
104–134
-
Carsten
Helm
and
Detlef
Sprinz (2000)
Measuring
the
Effectiveness
of
International
Environmental
Regimes. Journal
of
Conflict
Resolution. 44(5),
630–652
<http://www.jstor.org/stable/174647>,
ISSN
00220027
-
Jon
Hovi
and
Detlef F.
Sprinz (2006)
The
Limits
of
the
Law
of
the
Least
Ambitious
Program. Global
Environmental
Politics. 6(3),
28–42
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep.2006.6.3.28>
-
Ronald B.
Mitchell (2006)
Problem
structure,
institutional
design,
and
the
relative
effectiveness
of
international
environmental
agreements. Global
Environmental
Politics. 6(3)August,
72–89
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep.2006.6.3.72>
Further
-
David Leonard
Downie (2010)
Global
Environmental
Policy:
Governance
through
Regimes. In
Axelrod,
VanDeveer
and
Downie
The
Global
Environment:
Institutions,
Law,
and
Policy. chapter 4,
70–91
-
Ronald B.
Mitchell (1994)
Regime
Design
Matters:
Intentional
Oil
Pollution
and
Treaty
Compliance. International
Organization. 48(3),
425–458
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300028253>
-
Ronald B.
Mitchell (2002)
A
Quantitative
Approach
to
Evaluating
International
Environmental
Regimes. Global
Environmental
Politics. 2(4),
58–83
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638002320980623>,
ISSN
15263800
-
Oran R.
Young (2001)
Inferences
and
Indices:
Evaluating
the
Effectiveness
of
International
Environmental
Regimes. Global
Environmental
Politics. 1(1),
99–121
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638001570651>
1-Mar: 05.1. Epistemic Communities (106 Pages)
-
Peter M.
Haas (1992)
Introduction:
Epistemic
Communities
and
International
Policy
Coordination. International
Organization. 46(1,
Knowledge,
Power,
and
International
Policy
Coordination)Winter,
1–35
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300001442>,
ISSN
00208183
-
Marybeth Long
Martello (2001)
A
Paradox
of
Virtue?:
”Other”
Knowledges
and
Environment-Development
Politics.
Global
Environmental
Politics. 1(3),
114–141
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638001316881430>,
ISSN
15263800
-
Frank
Biermann (2002)
Institutions
for
Scientific
Advice:
Global
Environmental
Assessments
and
Their
Influence
in
Developing
Countries. Global
Governance. 8,
195–219
-
Karin
Bäckstrand (2003)
Civic
Science
for
Sustainability:
Reframing
the
Role
of
Experts,
Policy-Makers
and
Citizens
in
Environmental
Governance. Global
Environmental
Politics. 3(4),
24–41
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638003322757916>
Further
-
Emanuel
Adler
and
Peter M.
Haas (1992)
Conclusion:
Epistemic
Communities,
World
Order,
and
the
Creation
of
a
Reflective
Research
Program. International
Organization. 46(1),
367–390
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300001533>
-
Deborah A.
Stone (1989)
Causal
Stories
and
the
Formation
of
Policy
Agendas. Political
Science
Quarterly. 104(2),
281–300
<http://www.jstor.org/stable/2151585>,
ISSN
00323195
3-Mar: 05.2. Science and Risk (96 Pages)
-
Bjørn
Lomborg (2001)
Preface,
Language
and
Measures. In
Lomborg
The
Skeptical
Environmentalist. chapterPreface,
xix–xxi
-
Bjørn
Lomborg (2001)
Things
are
getting
better. In
Lomborg
The
Skeptical
Environmentalist. chapter 1,
3–33
-
Bjørn
Lomborg (2001)
Why
do
we
hear
so
much
bad
news?
In
Lomborg
The
Skeptical
Environmentalist. chapter 2,
34–44
-
Sheila
Jasanoff (1993)
Skinning
Scientific
Cats. New
Statesman&
Society.February
26,
29–30
-
Kenneth R.
Foster,
Paolo
Vecchia,
and
Michael H.
Repacholi (2000)
Risk
Management:
Science
and
the
Precautionary
Principle. Science. 288(5468),
979–981
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.288.5468.979>
-
John
Rennie (2002)
Science
defends
itself
against
The
Skeptical
Environmentalist. In
Lomborg
Bjørn
Lomborg’s
comments,
1–3
-
David
Pimentel (2002)
Skeptical
Of
the
Skeptical
Environmentalist. Skeptic. 9(2),
90–94
<http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AN=6299899>,
ISSN
10639330
-
Elizabeth R
DeSombre (2007)
Science,
Uncertainty,
and
Risk. In
DeSombre
The
Global
Environment
and
World
Politics. chapter 3,
39–61
-
Nancy
Myers
and
John D.
Graham (2007)
Is
the
Precautionary
Principle
a
Sound
Basis
for
International
Policy?
In
Thomas A
Easton,
editor
Taking
Sides:
Clashing
Views
on
Environmental
Issues.
12th edition.
McGraw-Hill,
ISBN
007351442X. chapter 1,
2–19
8-Mar: 06.1. Trade (114 Pages)
-
Kate
O’Neill (2009)
Global
Economic
Governance
and
the
Environment. In
O’Neill
The
Environment
and
International
Relations. chapter 6,
135–166
-
Douglas Jake
Caldwell (1998)
Multilateral
Environmental
Agreements
and
the
GATT/WTO
Regime. April
Director
and
Attorney,
Trade,
Health,
and
Environment,
US
National
Wildlife
Federation,
Washington,
DC
-
Daniel C.
Esty (2001)
Bridging
the
Trade-Environment
Divide. Journal
of
Economic
Perspectives. 15(3),
113–130
<http://www.jstor.org/stable/2696559>,
ISSN
08953309
-
Adil
Najam
and
Nick
Robins (2001)
Seizing
the
Future:
The
South,
Sustainable
Development
and
International
Trade. International
Affairs. 77(1)January,
49–68
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.00177>,
ISSN
00205850
-
Aseem
Prakash
and
Matthew
Potoski (2006)
Racing
to
the
Bottom?
Trade,
Environmental
Governance,
and
ISO
14001. American
Journal
of
Political
Science. 50(2),
350–364
<http://www.jstor.org/stable/3694277>,
ISSN
00925853
10-Mar: 06.2. Development (107 Pages)
-
Sylvia
Karlsson (2002)
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15-Mar: 07.1. No Class
17-Mar: 07.2. No Class
22-Mar: 08.1. Spring Break
24-Mar: 08.2. Spring Break
29-Mar: 09.1. Whaling (92 Pages)
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31-Mar: 09.2. Biodiversity (114 Pages)
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12-Apr: 11.1. Water (129 Pages)
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21-Apr: 12.2. Energy (104 Pages)
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26-Apr: 13.1. Climate (147 Pages)
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28-Apr: 13.2. Forests (66 Pages)
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3-May: 14.1. Justice (59 Pages)
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