Computing the continuous discretely: the magic quest for a volume

Matthias Beck
Department of Mathematics, San Francisco State University

Abstract: The Birkhoff polytope, Bn, is the set of all doubly stochastic nxn matrices, that is, those matrices with nonnegative real entries in which every row and column sums to one. A famous open problem concerns the volume of Bn, which is only known up to n = 10.

The Ehrhart polynomial of a polytope with integral vertices counts the integer points in the polytope as it gets dilated by an integer factor. One reason for being interested in this counting function is that its leading term gives the volume of the polytope. We will present a way of computing Ehrhart polynomials for polytopes using complex-analytic methods.

En route to their application to the Birkhoff polytope, we will introduce ideas and concepts from discrete geometry, number theory, and combinatorics. The application of our methods to the Birkhoff polytope provides an example showing that pure mathematics and computationally efficient algorithms are not mutually exclusive.

This is joint work with Dennis Pixton (Binghamton University, SUNY).